![]() This is the case because he started off with an exploration of the basis of intercultural communication. Wiredu’s discussion of the idea of cultural universals is programmatic. Although Wiredu does not explicitly provide a definition of the notion of cultural universals, he postulates in his discussion that a cultural universal “is a human universal transcending culture”. It seems pertinent to begin with a clarification of the central concepts of our discussion for the sake of clarity and contextualization. Because tropes are particular, for two objects to ‘share’ a property (for them both to. Tropes are things like the particular shape, weight, and texture of an individual object. Trope theory is the view that reality is (wholly or partly) made up from tropes. The diversity of philosophical traditions raises the question of cultural universals because cultural universals serve as the vehicle for cross-cultural philosophical discourse. First published Mon substantive revision Mon Jun 11, 2018. Philosophy as we know it was born in Ionia (a region in what is now western Turkey, then inhabited largely by Greek colonists) in the seventh century BC. In Wiredu’s discussion of the problem, it is postulated that there are some cultural universals, namely, cognitive universals and sympathetic impartiality. Two prominent participants in the discussion of this problem are Kwasi Wiredu and Odera Oruka. Particulars are the things or objects which possess universals. Redness and squareness are both universals, since they are features or qualities which many objects share: all red objects possess the former universal, all square objects possess the latter. Moderate realism (also called immanent realism) is a position in the debate on the metaphysics of universals associated with the hylomorphic substance theory of Aristotle. These are the opposing, yet complementary attitudes (universals come from above, for Plato, and from below, for Aristotle) that are famously immortalized in the gestures of the two philosophers in the center of Raphael’s picture The School of Athens. In order to understand the universal, it is important to accept the fact that it is derived from particular local contexts and can only be realized through the culturally specific norms and rules in each context.An interesting discussion in African philosophy centres on the question regarding the nature of cultural universals. Universals, in philosophy, are the features or qualities which many objects may share. The crucial question that remains is: What should be the relationship between the universal and the particular and how should we conceive of this relationship in a non-antagonistic and constructive manner? The answer lies in conceiving the relationship between the two as a dialectical one. For example, it says that ' according to logical atomism, all truths. Indeed, feminists are constantly striving to mitigate and overcome the tensions between the universal and the particular through their commitment to relationality. I read a bit of logical atomism by Russell, but would appreciate if someone explains with examples of what is meant by it. Their perspectives on human rights are exemplary of feminist scholarship in the field of international ethics more generally. Feminists have been particularly influential in challenging the universal/particular debate in the context of human rights. ![]() Furthermore, the opposition between universalism and particularism has often taken the form of the analysis of conflict between the sovereign state, on one hand, and universal human rights, on the other. Discussions regarding universalism and particularism have involved the traditions of realism, liberalism, and the English School, as well as critical theory, poststructuralism, and postcolonialism. One of the most vigorous debates within the discipline of international relations (IR) revolves around the “universal/particular” dichotomy: the tensions between worldviews that emphasize the “whole” as a unified entity or set of ideas-in the case of IR, the “whole” typically refers to the “whole world”-and those that emphasize constituent “parts”, and the differences among them. ![]()
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